Workplace Stress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Workplace Stress - Essay Example The stress and strain day in and day out may result in broken families and relationships. It can also cause depression, anxiety and mental ill-health. Ever since the creation of the Law Enforcement Administration in 1968, tremendous amount of research on policing, police departments and police officers in the United States, has been carried out. Examining the effects of service, work and gender activities of the perception of officers of the workplace and their general work world, revealed that this perception is closely related to what they do than who they are ( Winfree, Jr. Guiterman & Mays, 1997). Police work tends to be regarded as inherently stressful because of the personal risk of being exposed to violence, confrontation, and the day to day involvement in various traumatic incidents. The stress faced by the police officers has been referred to as the "police paradox" (Cullen et. al. 1983) because both the safe and unsafe aspects of the job combine to produce the stress symptoms. Policing is considered to be a highly stressful job especially for female police officers, who are caught up between the increasing threats of violence on our streets. In a research focusing on the workplace stress problems for both men and women in the police force, a survey carried out in 25 departments revealed that although both men and women experienced many similar problems, the gendered nature of the police organizations cause unique stresses for women (Morash & Haarr, 1995). Work stress is observed to be associated with depression, anxiety, post traumatic stress symptoms and chronic back pain (Gershon, Lin & Li Xianbin, 2002). They also assessed that work characterized stress, coping strategies and health related outcomes from a sample of police officers aged 50. The findings suggested that older officers especially the female police officers are at an increasing risk of being subjected to work stress related health problems, if they rely on risky health behaviors in order to cope with stress. Although both the male and the female police officers are exposed to relatively the same types of work stressors, but the female officers report higher rates of sex discrimination and prejudice which contributes to psychological distress. Another work stressor to be taken into consideration is that there are more chances of the female police officers and detectives to be involved with sexual offenders or victims of violence. This causes higher levels of self-perceived stress in females than faced by male police officers (Brown & Fielding, 1993). The results also showed that uniformed women constables were less likely to be exposed to police operational stressors which involved the chances for violence, but in case of such exposure, the reactions reported by female officers were brutal than those from uniformed policemen. In addition to that the organizational issues such as the demands of work intruding upon the life at home, lack of communication and consultation, lack of control over the workload, insufficient support and excess of workload in general; are major work stressors. It is also observed that both personal and occupational stressors in female police officers from personality constraints appeared to be more stress-prone. All these stressors are symptoms of

The Other Side Of The by Dale Phinn Essay Example for Free

The Other Side Of The by Dale Phinn Essay What does the extract The Other Side Of The Dale show about the things the inspector was looking for when visiting a school? An inspector looks at the teachers and the quality of their teaching. In The Other Side Of The Dale Phinn writes the following about one of the teachers mentioned. She smiled weakly and introduced her self as the teacher of the little ones. Her hand trembled These quotes show the teacher was nervous. Later in the piece he comments about her again. Despite her trembling and frequent blinking at the start of the lesson, she proved to be a good teacher. In this account the inspector notes they have two classrooms and uses one for the infants and one for the juniors. This also shows he is inspecting a Primary school. He also notes the size which is long square rooms with high beamed ceilings. The inspector also comments on the classrooms. He says that the classroom was neat and tidy. This shows they work in a tidy environment and it would make the inspector think they are a good school. He comments on the setting which he would look at when inspecting any school. It is on a cold bleak moor which was strange and desolate. Also it had a grey mist which hung low. The setting shows this is based in the North. This is emphasised by the pupils dialect; Miss twatter in then coops froz up last neight. It were as ard as Brimham rocks. Phinn is also told by a child, Joseph Richard Barclay, that the moor was the scene of a famous battle which took place over four hundred years ago, between the round heads and cavaliers. A lot of men perished on that moor. They say the ground was red with blood. This interest in local history is repeated later when another child, Emily, talks about an object her mum found. Its a sort of buckle. Its maybe from a belt or bag. Its all rusted up with a silver rose in the middle. Other old objects were also discovered but the most humorous is that of a dead cat These examples show the pupils enthusiasm for learning and engaging with their teacher. The inspector is impressed by the schools historical research and another example of this is when he is invited to have a look at the school log books which go back over a hundred years. The log book contains information on the past headmasters of the school. He takes particular interest into the recount of a past inspector. The subjects the headmaster used to teach compared. The interest in the past report is it is negative. ill-managed by a committee of languid, inept amateurs. Phinn comments on how harsh inspectors could be. But mainly the inspector would look at the quality of the pupils work. In The Other Side Of The Dale the write notes the work of the pupils which he sums up by saying I spent the remainder of the morning listening to the children read confidently and clearly and examined their written work. The structure of the poem relates to the theme which is about the school inspector. The structure of the piece is one of the inspector inspecting something then commenting on Joseph Barclay.

Reflexivity and Modern Works of Anthropology Essay -- Ethnography Cult

Reflexivity and Modern Works of Anthropology The role of reflexivity in Anthropology has changed a great deal over time. The effects of doing ethnography on the ethnographer was not considered an important mode of inquiry in the past. While inevitably, going to far distant lands and living with a culture so different from your own will at least cause the ethnographer to reflect on personal issues but most likely will cause profound changes in the way he or she will view the world. But in the past these changes were not important. What was necessary for the ethnographer to do in the past was to document a culture break it down structurally and quantify the observations made. The reflexive nature of his or her experiences were of little or no importance to the anthropological community. But over the years this has changed tremendously and Anthropology concerns itself more and more with the interactions between the ethnographer and his or her informants and the changes that occur in both due to the research being conducted. The sc ope of this paper will be to show this transition and also why it occurred. The role of the Anthropologist in the past has been to document other cultures in order so the colonial authorities could better know how to rule them this is apparent in Bronislaw Malinowski's essay on the Trobriand islanders. He said, "The ethnographer has in the field, according to what has just been said, the duty before him of drawing up all the rules and regularities of tribal life; all that is permanent and fixed; of giving an anatomy of their culture, of depicting the constitution of their society. But these things, though crystallized and set, are nowhere formulated. There is no written or explicitly expressed code ... ... not to say that a "scientific" documentation of the structure of the culture being studied should be forgotten about. But rather instead of being the main point of concern (as with Malinowski) it should be used to strengthen the arguments expressed by the author. Also as done with many other forms reflexivity should be able to be expressed in more abstract ways instead of just simply stating how you were effected and vice versa. But overall I think reflexivity is a good thing for Anthropological writing. In conclusion, anthropology has come long way in the past few generations, at least in the sense of the writings produced by the students of this field. But perhaps this is due to the audience who reading the works and not the anthropologists doing the research. In any case reflexivity is definitely more openly expressed in the more modern works of Anthropology.

Children of Heaven Review

Children of Heaven This movie made me very thankful for everything I have in my life, including my shoes. I found it sad that All could not Just speak up for himself. If All would have asked the man working the grocery store about the shoes, then he might not go to all the trouble in the first place. I found it sad that the children had to work, and never got to play. The quality of life for this family bothered me deeply, and it made me blessed for the childhood that I had. The kids in this movie worked almost as servants to the adults, maintained pristine manors, and showed great perseverance.I noticed most of the adults in the movie were very strict, stern, and seemed like they were not afraid to beat a child. All made some of the highest grades in his class despite his hardships, he was a responsible kid. I Just don't understand why he did not speak up about the shoes to his teacher, principle, or coach. It was sad to see kids having to stick together, and share a pair of shoes t o prevent one of them from getting a beating. All's sister should have asked the other girl wearing her shoes, where she got them.The girl may have Just given them to her in exchange for the en, or when she received her new shoes. This movie was one hardship after another, heartbreaking for me to watch. It makes me want to donate shoes for children who may not have any at all. It was sad to see people In the movie live In lavish mansion, and then compare It to All's home. All's dad was paid very good for his gardening work, this money would be a precious asset to his family. When the man at the mosque gave All's dad the tools, this showed how the Islamic community supported the others In need. Overall It seemed Like a rough situation to me.

Are historians probably the least recognized movers and shakers of the society?

Historians are probably the least recognized movers and shakers of the society. As historians, it is always about their works and not about them. Well, there may be quiet a few historians who are popular, but again, they became famous because other historians chose to study and write about them. Behind every historical figure, behind every icon, is a historian. So for me, this is a chance to shine the light on these people, a good way to return the favor. Going back to the discussion question, my affinity is more towards psychohistory.For me, this is probably the most challenging one, since it goes beyond the available information for a certain topic or person (385, Breisach). It involves reading between the lines, of how an event in a person’s life, say in his childhood, may influence his service as the president of a nation. It goes beyond gathering data and piecing them together in something that could be easily understood by others. It is not limited to a single person or event, as it could also be applied to a group of people at a certain time.Psychohistory deals with much more interesting works aside from the endless researches and investigations usually conducted by historians. Response 1: From your response, I can see that your deep interest with literature and art somehow influenced your affinity to Romantic historiography. I agree with what you said about how Romantic historians wanted to hold the reader’s attention, and it is because the topics included in this aspect are anything but the ordinary, thus keeping the focus and the attention of those studying Romantic history. This is very broad, and I doubt that you’ll run out of anything interesting.Response 2: I admire the set of criteria for a historian that you have laid down, but I think it’s rather hard to follow. First and foremost, just choosing on a subject would still be subject to bias. Why would do a historian choose to write about the Greeks and not about the Ro mans? There is a big difference between a historian and a news reporter. The biases that a historian possess is what makes history interesting. Despite all the facts about a topic, there is still a hint of uncertainty in it. For me, the need to clarify and verify facts about our history is what defines historians. Response 3:I agree with you that psychohistory is indeed very interesting. In fact, it is also my choice in this discussion. From your response, you focused on collective psyche, which for me is a defining aspect of psychohistory. It is usually the leaders who are subjected to this, since they are prominent and their actions affect a larger scale. However, I think that this could also be done to anyone else worth studying, since it involves informed interpretation. All you need to have is a basis for that interpretation, and that entails gathering data about the subject, something which is common to all historians.

International Finance Trend of Exchange Rate

International Finance Trend of Exchange Rate Trend of exchange rate over time The graph presented below shows the trend of the weekly exchange rate of the Turkish Lira and Thai Baht against the US dollar for a period of five years that is, between 2008 and 2013.Advertising We will write a custom assessment sample on International Finance: Trend of Exchange Rate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Based on the graph above, it can be observed that the exchange rate of Turkish Lira was higher than the exchange rate of Thai Baht over the five-year period. The range of exchange rate for the Turkish Lira was between 0.5 and 0.8 while the exchange rate for the Thai Baht against the US dollar was below 0.1 throughout the period. Secondly, it can be observed that the exchange rate for the Turkish Lira against the US dollar fluctuated during the period. There was a slight appreciation in the exchange rate between 2008 and 2009. This indicates that the economy of the country grew strong duri ng the period. Thereafter, the exchange rate depreciated by a small margin between 2009 and 2011. This was caused by the global financial crisis. Between 2012 and 2013, there was an appreciation of the exchange rate. This indicates that the economy recovered from the financial crisis. The country heavily relies on international trade as a key source of income. Therefore, fluctuations in the value of the exchange rate are as a result of market changes. It indicates that the country operates a flexible exchange rate regime. On the other hand, it can be observed the exchange rate for the Thai Baht against the US dollar was fairly constant throughout the period. The value depreciated slightly from values ranging between 0.02 and 0.03. It indicates that the country operates a managed exchange rate regime. Bid and ask price The graph presented below shows the bid-ask spread expressed as percentages for the weekly exchange rate of the Turkish Lira and Thai Baht against the US dollar for a period of five years. Advertising Looking for assessment on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The graph presented above indicates that the percentage of the bid-ask spread for the exchange rate of the Thai Baht against the US dollar was higher than the percentage spread for the Turkish Lira against the US dollar for between part of the five-year period. The bid-ask spread for the exchange rate of the Thai Baht against the US dollar was quite high in 2008. However, by the end of the 2008, the spread declined significantly. It remained fairly stationary between 2009 and 2011. However, in 2012, the company experienced a decline in the value of percentage spread. The high percentage spread can be attributed to a number of factors. The key factor is the perceived risk and political instability in the country. Volatility in the economic conditions in the country also explains the high value of the bid-as k spread. On the other hand, the percentage bid-ask spread for the exchange rate of the Turkish Lira against the US dollar escalated in early 2009. This can be attributed to the global crisis. Thereafter, the spread remained quite low and stable. The lower bid-ask spread is as a result of a large volume of shares traded (OANDA Corporation 1). Cross rates The graph presented below shows the trend of the spot exchange rate of Turkish Lira against the Thai Baht for the five-year period. The graph above indicates that there was a gradual decline in the value of the cross exchange rate during the five-year period. Besides, it can be observed that the graph of actual exchange rate is superimposed on the graph of cross rates calculated. It implies that the calculated cross rate is similar to the actual rate extracted (OANDA Corporation 1). OANDA Corporation 2013, Historical Exchange Rate. Web. https://www1.oanda.com/fx-for-business/historical-rates.Advertising We will write a cus tom assessment sample on International Finance: Trend of Exchange Rate specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

hunchback of notre dame essays

hunchback of notre dame essays In this novel The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (1831), Victor Hugo talks about the life of his characters in the city of Paris. This story takes place in the late-fourteenth century. With inequality all around it was hard for a person to gain respect without good looks or social status. In this paper I will mainly discuss the story of Quasimodoe Esmeralda, and their struggle in this story Quasimodoe's mother was a gypsy. She could not take care of him any longer so she left him in front of a church. Gypsies were not liked at this time, but the church was highly respected. Being it that Quasimodo's mom had left him on front steps of the church the king could do almost nothing. Quasimodoe could not leave the church due to the fact that he was deformed and ugly. Quasimodo grew very lonely and bored up in that bell tower all by him self. He was looking down one day and set eyes upon a young woman named Esmerelda. On the day of fools Quasimodo saw this young lady and decided to go down and tak e a closer look at this woman. It was a holiday, feast of fools, when he decided to go down. When the people saw him they were horrified. He got whipped and lectured by his master. Well, to make a long story short Esmerelda ends up dyeing, and Quaismodo runs away and is never seen or heard of again. They state that in the end they find two skeletons lying in each others arms. One the body of a lady (Esmerelda), and the other the body of a man who was deformed (Quaismodo). It also states that the woman was hung, but the man died because he had come there by himself and died there.There are many examples of Historical Significance in this book. One of which is the power of the church. The church mostly controlled everything back then. My second example is the way that they talked. They sounded more sophisticated back then. It states on page 139, "Sunday in the year of my lord 1467." My third fact is the fact that they didn't like gypsies back then. They want ...

French Expressions Using Bout

French Expressions Using Bout The French word un bout literally means the end of something or a bit of something. But bout has other meanings as well and is also used in dozens of idiomatic expressions, noun clauses, and prepositional phrases. Learn how to say at arms length, on its last legs, the middle of nowhere, and more with this list of expressions with bout. Possible Meanings of un bout bitendlength (of rope)patch (of sky, land)piecescraptip Expressions with bout le bout de lanmemorial serviceun bout du doigtfingertipun bout dessaiscreen test, test filmun bout filtrefilter tip (cigarette)un bout du mondethe middle of nowhere; the ends of the earthun bout de rà ´lebit part, walk-on partun bout du seinnippleun bout de terraina patch/plot of landun bon bout de cheminquite a ways, a fair distanceun bon bout de tempsa good while, quite some timeun (petit) bout de chou/zan (informal)a little kidun petit bout de femme (informal)a mere slip of a womanun petit bout dhomme (informal)a mere scrap of a man bout de brasat arms length bout carrà ©square-tipped bout de courseon its/ones last legs(tech) at full-stroke bout de forcesexhausted, worn out bout de lià ¨gecork-tipped bout de soufflebreathless, out of breath bout rondround-tipped bout portantpoint-blank bout de soufflebreathless, out of breath; on its last legs tout bout de champall the time, at every opportunityau bout deat the end/bottom of; afterau bout du compteall things consideredau bout d u filon the other end of the telephoneau bout dun momentafter a whilebout boutend to endde bout en boutfrom one end to the otherdu bout dewith the ends ofdu bout des doigtswith ones fingertipsdu bout des là ¨vresreluctantly, half-heartedlydun bout lautrefrom one end to the other, from start to finishdun bout lautre de lannà ©eall year longen bout deat the end/bottom ofen bout de courseon its/ones last legs; ultimatelyjusquau bout(right) to the endjusquau bout des onglesthrough and through, right to ones fingertipssur le bout deon the tip ofsen aller par tous les bouts (informal)to be falling apartapplaudir du bout des doigtsto clap half-heartedlyconnaà ®tre un bout de (informal)to know a thing or two aboutà ªtre boutto be exhausted; to be angry, out of patienceà ªtre bout deto be out ofà ªtre au bout de ses peinesto be out of the woods; to have no more troublesà ªtre au bout du rouleau (informal)to be exhausted; to be running out of money; to be near deathfaire un bout d e chemin ensembleto be together for a while (as a couple)joindre les deux boutsto make ends meetlire un livre de bout en boutto read a book cover to covermanger du bout des dentsto nibblemettre les bouts(fam) to skedaddle, scarpermontrer le bout de son nezto show ones face, peep around (the corner, door)parcourir une rue de bout en boutto go from one end of a street to the otherpointer le bout de son nezto show ones face, peep around (the corner, door)porter quelque chose bout de brasto struggle to keep something goingpousser quelquun boutto push someone to the limit / too farprendre quelque chose par le bon boutto handle/approach something the right waysavoir quelque chose sur le bout du doigt / des doigtsto know something inside and outtenir le bon bout (informal)to be on the right track; to be past the worst of somethingvenir bout de nounto get through, succeed, overcome somethingvoir le bout du tunnelto see the light at the end of the tunnelÇa fait un (bon) bout (de chem in). (informal)Thats a long way.Ce nest pas le bout du monde  !It wont kill you! Its not the end of the world!Commenà §ons par un bout.Lets get started / make a start.Le soleil montre le bout de son nez.The sun is (barely) out.On ne sait pas par quel bout le prendre.You just dont know how to handle/approach it.​ On nen voit pas le bout.There doesnt seem to be any end to it.

Practical 6-Liquid preparations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Practical 6-Liquid preparations - Essay Example Asphyxiating effects noted. Carcinogenic, Mutagenic, Teratogenic and Developmental toxicity not identified. (7) Follow written procedure as laid down by EPA and Material safety sheet. Proper usage of splash goggles, lab coat and gloves (PPE) and work in the fume cupboard when dealing with the chemicals. Correct wearing of Self containing breathing apparatus. Eye contact: In case of eye contact with irritant, harmful or corrosive chemicals eye should be rinsed with water for at least 15 minutes or Dipoterine (found at the first aid point . Diphoterine wash is available for treating exposure of skin or eyes to hazardous chemicals), make sure to carefully part the upper and lower eyelids without rubbing the eyes. Staff will be immediately consulted and medical aid will be followed consulting a physician. Skin contact: In case of skin contact with chemicals, the areas of contact will be carefully washed with water and soap for at least 15 minutes. If necessary cloths and shoes will be removed and destroyed. A physician will be consulted for further advice and treatments. Ingestion/Inhalation:Â  In case of ingestion or inhalation best thing to consult a physician for further advice. If chemicals are swallowed, mouth should be rinsed with water without inducing vomit. If vomiting occurs naturally, make the victim lean forward. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious

Angel response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Angel response - Essay Example in his character, in his whole nature, there was something attractive and elusive which allured women and disposed them in his favor; he knew that, and some force seemed to draw him, too, to them.† (Chekhov 1.5) Gurov also comes out as very judgmental where we see him refereeing to women as the lower race. Gurov’s relationship is founded by his past life and experience. Gurov is very important as the author uses him to develop almost every theme and depicts the main theme of a loveless marriage. Anna is no more of a main character as we spend less time with her as compared to Gurov. All we know about her is that she is 22 years old, married at a tender age and does not enjoy her marriage. Even the first time she has sex with her husband she was not satisfied. Anna just like her husband is eager to life â€Å" I have been tormented by curiosity† she said in one of the conversation (Chekhov 6) .Anna clearly contributes to the story in many ways which include where her unhappiness in life and her marriage depicts a scene of reality, where one draws a number of lessons from what she undergoes. I total agree with angel analysis of the story, the main character analysis is on point and very informing. Joe undergoes a series of related issues and he is left with no choice but to employ his detective skills; and all these he has to do in order to save lives. Jim analysis is also very informing and his contribution to the story’s plot is noted. Jim being younger and leaving his girlfriend enlightens him and when he teams up with Joe we find him being his side

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example Whereas Douglass addresses the mass audience, comprising people from all walks of life, on the US Independence ceremony, Langston’s audience comprises of people who were mentally prepare to judge Langston’s words from a legal as well as a humanitarian vantage point. Indeed Douglass’s audiences were less prone to embrace legal argument than Langston’s audiences are. Therefore these two men’s rhetoric strategies are also different from each other. Necessarily Douglass has to make his speech comprehensible by making it elaborative and embellishing it with emotional tropes, whereas Langston’s speech appears to be substantive and fraught with poetic imageries, rhetoric devices, especially prepared for an audience of reasoning intellect. Before an audience which largely comprises white people, both Langston and Douglass have to associate the African American with religious, more specifically with Christian, sentiment in order to draw their sympathy . Both of these two speakers have done so by using the rhetoric device of metonymy. While Douglass addresses his people as the â€Å"emancipated people of God† (321), Langston describes the ability of the emancipated slaves to escape as something â€Å"God-given powers† (Langston, 1859, p 233). ... Another two mentionable metonymies used by Langston and Douglass are respectively â€Å"colored people† and â€Å"colored brethren†. Out of a number of parallelisms used in Douglass’s speech a remarkable one is: â€Å"It [Independence Day] carries your minds back to the day, and to the act of your great deliverance; and to the signs, and to the wonders, associated with that act, and that day† (Douglass, 1852, p 321). In this sentence, Douglass describes the recalling functions of the Independence Days in a series of related infinitive phrases. But a more striking parallelism occurs in the preceding sentence: â€Å"[Independence], to you, is what the Passover was to the emancipated people of God.† (Douglass, 1852, p 321) In this line, he draws a parallel between â€Å"the 4th July† and the â€Å"Passover†. Similarly â€Å"In Address to the Court† Langston uses another parallelism to expose the invalidity of the â€Å"Fugitive of Slave Law†. He says, â€Å"The [Fugitive Slave Law] under which I am arraigned is an unjust one, one made to crush the colored man, and one that outrages every feeling of Humanity, as well as every rule of Right.† (Langston, 1859, p 234) In opposition to the ‘Fugitive Slave Law’, Langston is quite successful to depict the African American, as a people struggling for their liberty, through the use of another parallelism: â€Å"And there were others who had become free†¦Ã¢â‚¬Ëœby escaping†¦eluding the blood-thirsty patrols†¦outrunning bloodhounds and horses, swimming rivers and fording swamps, and reaching at last†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Langston, 1859, p 233) Meanwhile in the same sentence, he refers to the self-contradiction of the freedom of the slave, enacted by the 13th Amendment, through the use of irony. Indeed the Fugitive Slave Law was

Interview Summary with Xiaochu of BenMo PR Essay

Interview Summary with Xiaochu of BenMo PR - Essay Example She denied the college life keeping her eye on the future needs which demanded her to â€Å"get her life started and going as soon as possible†. Her finance needs led her to the modeling area and bartending but soon her creativity persuaded her on starting her own blogs on the internet and she captured the attention of huge followings quickly. Xiaoxhu maintained her double identity i.e. her real-life identity and her virtual identity in all this time period. However, she was quite successful in maintaining her reputation under both identities. In the virtual world, she was named as the best blogger in four of the prevailing web networks, Sina, Sohu, Xici, and Tianya. She was voted as the Beauty Blogger in both Tianya and Sohu and was elected to be the â€Å"basketball babe† for the 2008 Beijing Olympics website. On the other hand, her real life activities involved her service as an editor for a local Shanghai magazine and she was also on the organizing committee for the 57th World Beauty Pagent. This illuminates her ambition of not accepting the life and circumstances as they are but to develop her career and achieve her ultimate aim of being a successful person. The goal of such hardworking and ambitious people is sometimes to achieve comforts of life, wealth or some other kind of financial benefit. However, Xiaoxhu â€Å"never saw money as the main goal.† She further illuminates this idea by asserting that â€Å"even at the beginning money was just something to put food in my mouth and a roof over my head.† This clearly shows that her aims were not limited to grabbing money and leaving this world without being seen or noticed by others. Her aim was to capture the general public and make her name known to them in good words. Her success was accompanied by the achievement of her goals in her own distinct way of attracting public, specifically general public. In support of her

Music concert report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Music concert report - Essay Example Other pieces played had incorporation of instruments such as bass guitar, Hammond organ, harmonica, and electric guitar blue rock. Personally, I comprehended the genre associated with heavy metal , boogie rock , Garage rock , southern rock , punk blues hard rock. The band consisted of blend of old generation people with youthful blood in it. The organizers of the event sold their tickets through Ticketmaster.com quite early in time thus facilitating the convergence of a substantial number of people to the function. From the concert I mastered the relevant core blues rock. These were an electric guitar, drum kit and bass guitar which the artists applied to ignite the mood of the people. The electric hugely amplified via the tube guitar in a typical overdrive effect. It was observable that to produce the customized reverberation, two guitars were played in subsequence to riffs and some of the chords on the rhythmical guitar. Synchronically, another artist must be playing corresponding melodic lines and rhythmical solos from the lead guitar. While at the concerts we as the audience were served with cool nice combination of instruments melodies thus widening our zeal and love for the music. Am not a fan of rock but I had to appreciate the model on which it was availed. The musicals created a conducive and soothing environment. The fusion of drumbeats and other instruments provided very nice tranquility and comfort zone.Personally, my main aim for the occasion was to relate with history.

Interview Summary with Xiaochu of BenMo PR Essay

Interview Summary with Xiaochu of BenMo PR - Essay Example She denied the college life keeping her eye on the future needs which demanded her to â€Å"get her life started and going as soon as possible†. Her finance needs led her to the modeling area and bartending but soon her creativity persuaded her on starting her own blogs on the internet and she captured the attention of huge followings quickly. Xiaoxhu maintained her double identity i.e. her real-life identity and her virtual identity in all this time period. However, she was quite successful in maintaining her reputation under both identities. In the virtual world, she was named as the best blogger in four of the prevailing web networks, Sina, Sohu, Xici, and Tianya. She was voted as the Beauty Blogger in both Tianya and Sohu and was elected to be the â€Å"basketball babe† for the 2008 Beijing Olympics website. On the other hand, her real life activities involved her service as an editor for a local Shanghai magazine and she was also on the organizing committee for the 57th World Beauty Pagent. This illuminates her ambition of not accepting the life and circumstances as they are but to develop her career and achieve her ultimate aim of being a successful person. The goal of such hardworking and ambitious people is sometimes to achieve comforts of life, wealth or some other kind of financial benefit. However, Xiaoxhu â€Å"never saw money as the main goal.† She further illuminates this idea by asserting that â€Å"even at the beginning money was just something to put food in my mouth and a roof over my head.† This clearly shows that her aims were not limited to grabbing money and leaving this world without being seen or noticed by others. Her aim was to capture the general public and make her name known to them in good words. Her success was accompanied by the achievement of her goals in her own distinct way of attracting public, specifically general public. In support of her

Fire Safety Management Plan for Student Hub Case Study

Fire Safety Management Plan for Student Hub - Case Study Example The Student Hub is a sensitive part of our institution due to the number of students that visit the area in a day. Hence, many activities like eating and drinking, studying, relaxation and meeting take place there; therefore, it is important that a definite fire safety management plan be drawn up to provide appropriate safety strategies for students in case of unexpected fire outbreak. Fire hazard and disaster can happen at any place without prior notice. And when such a dangerous thing occurred, it could claim some lives and destroy a lot of property including buildings, furniture and other materials (Thomson, 2001; Davletshina & Cheremisinoff, 1998). The Student Hub has some safety measures that were previously put in place, and these include safety procedures for escape through exit fire doors; the use of a controlled-descent shutter in the kitchen to shut out the flame; the use of automatic exit doors; applying the fire-resistant property of the building by using the fire fighting shafts; designing of cavity barriers in a place like library to reduce the spread of fire; space separation of the designed buildings is another safety measure to limit external fire spread, also construction of external walls help to fight fire in this regards; the installation of fire alarms help to give warnings to all students in the Hub buildings. So, this fire safety management plan will harness all the above-mentioned fire safety strategies so as to map out a functional fire safety management plan for the Student Hub in case of an emergency.  

The Representation Negritude Essay Example for Free

The Representation Negritude Essay Negritude was a cultural movement initiated by the Afro- American poets living in the Caribbean Islands which aimed at the awakening of the race consciousness and the sense of identity among the black people. Paralleled by other similar movements, like the Harlem Renaissance in America, Negritude endeavored to redefine the black culture and to save it from the white domineering influence that promised to absorb it in its own structures. Also, the Negritude was an anti-racist stream which criticized the white people’s attitude towards the people of a different race. One of the most important poets of Negritude was Aime Cesaire, an Afro-American born in Martinique at the beginning of the twentieth century. The term â€Å"Negritude† was at first used and defined by him in his Notebook of a Return to a Native Land. Cesaire criticized for example, the fixed view on blackness that the white culture promoted and encouraged the Afro- Americans to value their culture as something alive. As he emphasizes, the black culture is not a stone, that is, something rigid and dead but rather something alive, that â€Å"plunges into the red flesh of the soil† and that â€Å"riddles with holes†: â€Å"my Negritude is not a stone / nor a deafness flung against the clamor of the day / my Negritude is not a white speck of dead water / on the dead eye of the earth /my Negritude is neither tower nor cathedral / it plunges into the red flesh of the soil /it plunges into the blazing flesh of the sky / my Negritude riddles with holes /the dense affliction of its worthy patience. â€Å"(Cesaire, 1990, 17) However, although Negritude was an intellectual movement that was centered on learning to know and understand otherness, it failed to integrate gender as well. At the beginning, the movement was led only by male activists and writers, and consequently, the black women were represented strictly from the masculine perspective. Therefore, some of the black women started another movement within Negritude that could be called black feminism. They felt that neither Negritude nor Feminism represented in the right manner, since the black cultural movement was led by men and the white feminists that had already formed intellectual groups like that of Gertrude Stein for example, were actually ignorant of the condition of the black woman. The Afro- American woman had a different identity than the white woman, and faced even more discrimination from society because of her race. She was twice oppressed by the others, as a woman and as a colored person at the same time, and had no discourse of her own. Many of the male poets of the Negritude spoke of the black women in their works, but when they did, they represented them merely as mothers or lovers, that is, in the same offices that the traditionalist society had always seen them. The role of the woman was strictly that of the mother or wife of man, therefore secondary, as in the white cultural discourse. At the same time, although the white feminists represented the invisibleness of women in general, the black women with their specific background were absent from their discourse. The black poets of the Negritude movement such as Langston Hughes, Aime Cesaire or Leopold Sedar Senghor represent women as either mothers or lovers, or even mere objects for desire. For example, Langston Hughes The Negro Mother represents the black woman as a mythological mother-figure, who â€Å"carries the seed† of the race. The woman is seen essentially as a carrier of man’ seed primarily, the origin of all things. The role that Hughes attributes to women is very important and is probably inspired by the traditional ancient matriarchic African view of the world, but the women are still not represented according to their identity. They are symbolic mother figures that suffers for her race and protects her people: â€Å"I am the dark girl who crossed the red sea / Carrying in my body the seed of the free. /I am the woman who worked in the field /Bringing the cotton and the corn to yield. /I am the one who labored as a slave, /Beaten and mistreated for the work that I gave /Children sold away from me, Im husband sold, too. /No safety, no love, no respect was I due[†¦]† (Hughes, 1989, 77) The woman described by Hughes feels happy and fulfilled not because of what she is, but, in the traditional way, because of her sufferance and sacrifice and because of the children she bore: â€Å"Now, through my children, young and free, /I realized the blessing deed to me. /I couldnt read then. I couldnt write. /I had nothing, back there in the night. /Sometimes, the valley was filled with tears, /But I kept trudging on through the lonely years. /Sometimes, the road was hot with the sun, /But I had to keep on till my work was done[†¦]†(Hughes, 1989, 77) Also, it is obvious that the woman has a rear role, although seemingly an important one: she is the one that encourages the race to fight for their freedom and to keep going. The black woman stands in the shadow having merely a protective motherly function: â€Å"Lift high my banner out of the dust. /Stand like free men supporting my trust. /Believe in the right, let none push you back. /Remember the whip and the slavers track. [†¦]/For I will be with you till no white brother Dares keep down the children of the Negro Mother. † (Hughes, 1989, 77) The same thing happens in another poem by Hughes, entitled Mother to Son – the woman is the mother who encourages her son to move forward, and not be set back by any kind of obstacles: â€Å"So, boy, dont you turn back. / Dont you set down on the steps. /Cause you finds its kinder hard. / Dont you fall now—/ For Ise still goin, honey,/ Ise still climbin,/ And life for me aint been no crystal stair. †(Hughes, 1989, 100) Leopold Senghor also represents the woman as a mother, but this time in a subjective manner as he addresses the poem to his own mother. The poem is almost written in a reproachful tone that criticizes the mother for not being caring enough, â€Å"you do not hear me when I hear you†. Senghor therefore also views motherhood as the essential role of any woman, a role in which it would be inexcusable for her to fail: â€Å"Be Blessed, Mother! / I will not send the East Wind over these sacred images as over/ the sands of the road. You do not hear me when I hear you, like an anxious mother/ who forgets to push Button A/ But I will not efface the footprints of my father or of my/ fathers fathers in this head open to all the winds and plunders of the North. / Mother, in this study lined with Latin and Greek, breathe the/ fumes of the evening victims of my heart. / May the protecting spirits save my blood from slackening like/ that of the assimilated and the civilized! †(Senghor, 1976, 134) One of the very well known poems by Senghor called Black Woman, represents the female in the role of the lover this time. The eroticism of the lines clearly hint at the traditional woman who is hunted and wooed by man, â€Å"moaning under the hands of the conqueror†: â€Å"Naked woman, dark woman/ Ripe fruit with firm flesh, dark raptures of black wine, / Mouth that gives music to my mouth/ Savanna of clear horizons, savanna quivering to the fervent caress/ Of the East Wind, sculptured tom-tom, stretched drumskin/ Moaning under the hands of the conqueror/ Your deep contralto voice is the spiritual song of the / Beloved. â€Å"(Senghor, 1976, 156) The black woman is seen as an exotic female lover, and the African setting suites the description: â€Å"Woman, rest on my brow your balsam hands, your hands/ gentler than fur. / The tall palm trees swinging in the night wind/ Hardly rustle. Not even cradle songs. / The rhythmic silence rocks us. /Listen to its song, listen to the beating of our dark blood,/ listen / To the beating of the dark pulse of Africa in the mist of lost/ villages. †(Senghor, 1976, 157) In the end, the poet jealously proclaims himself as the author of the song about the black woman. She is trapped in his discourse, as his creation, and she depends on his writing so as to be a part of the eternal world: â€Å"Naked woman, dark woman/ Oil that no breath ruffles, calm oil on the athlete’s flanks of the Princes of Mali/ Gazelle limbed in Paradise[†¦] I sing your beauty that passes/ the form that I fix in the eternal, /Before jealous fate turn you to ashes to feed the roots of life. † (Senghor, 159) Therefore, the black woman is essentially dominated by the male discourse. She is the oil on the athlete’s limbs, that is, a sexual element that is used for pleasure. In another poem by Hughes, the woman again appears as conquered and dominated by man. He promises her to take to make her completely his and to be as a God for her: â€Å"I will take you heart. / I will take your soul out of your body/ As though I were God. / I will not be satisfied With the touch of your hand/ Nor the sweet of your lips alone. / I will take your heart for mine. / I will take your soul. / I will be God when it comes to you. † (Hughes, 1989, 122) Aime Cesaire Prophecy is also very enlightening for the way in which women were viewed in Negritude. The poet makes a prophecy about a time when, among other things, women will â€Å"shine forth with language†, that is, will have their own discourses. The fact that this is a prophecy is an obvious acknowledgement of the fact that women are not as yet speakers, neither for themselves nor for other matters in society: â€Å"There,/ Where adventure keeps clear its eye/ Where women are shining forth with language/ Where death is beautiful in your hand as a bird/ milky time/ Where the subterranean passage through its own/ genuflecting gathers a wealth of eyelids fiercer than caterpillars/ Where for the wonder its all grist and fire to the nimble mill[†¦]†(Cesaire, 1990, 83) aques Lacan observed that the image of negritude itself was phallic, as it tried to reestablish the black man as a master, or a person that is no longer oppressed: â€Å"The image of negritude as phallus serves several functions for the subject. As a corrective device, it revalorizes the black man, symbolically castrated throughout the text by the forces of oppression. It is the perfect metaphor for the desired union between the subject and primal forces in nature. †(Kalikoff, 1995, 23) Because the black women could not find themselves in these representations that Negritude offered, they tried to form their own identity. Women such as Sharpley- Whiting, Suzanne Cesaire and the Nardal sisters formed intellectual groups that discussed black feminism. As Mori observes in her article, in Sharpley- Whiting’s works women are no longer marginalized as intellectuals: â€Å"The movement is generally examined through the works of male writers, such as Aime Cesaire, Leopold Sedar Senghor, and Leon Damas. Sharpley-Whiting, however, counters the male-centered interpretations and offers a new outlook on the gender politics within the Negritude movement. Sharpley-Whiting argues that the male leaders of the movement marginalized black female intellectuals such as Jane and Paulette Nardal and Suzanne Cesaire from Martinique. †(Mori, 2003, 658) In her book entitled Negritude Women, Sharpley- Whiting discusses the absence of the black women from the representation of the white feminist: â€Å"Barney set up a formal, essentially white feminist colony that transcended class, and Stein preferred to cultivate relations with a predominantly male French and American expatriate community in her casual Parisian salon. †(Sharpley- Whiting 2002, 34) The main point that the author tried to make in her book was that the women needed to gain an intellectual status, just like the man, and to have their own discourse: â€Å"Suzanne Roussy-Cesaires intellectual legacy has suffered the fate of many talented women married to prominent men—marginalization. †(Sharpley- Whiting 2002, 12) Lurnka Funani observed also that the essence of the Afro- American feminist movement was to address the problems specific to Negritude, but to include the female perspective as well: â€Å"The question that tore the conference apart was Should white women present papers about black womens experiences? This question was raised by an Afro-American. Before this question was addressed, the next question was asked, What do American women know about the struggle in Africa? â€Å"(Coetzee, 2001, 344) Although it was acknowledged that all women were oppressed, the black women felt it necessary to speak for themselves and to choose their own identity: â€Å"[†¦]A central tenet of modern feminist thought has been the assertion that all women are oppressed. This assertion implies that women share a common lot, that factors like class, race, religion, sexual preference, etc. do not create a diversity of experience that determines the extent to which sexism will be an oppressive force in the lives of individual women. Sexism as a system of domination is institutionalized but it has never determined in an absolute way the fate of all women in this society. Being oppressed means the absence of choices[†¦]†(Coetzee, 2001, 345) The black women appear thus as very important agents in the Negritude movement, since they included the missing part – a discourse of the black female that could be the counterpart of that of the black man. The women appeared somewhat later in the chronologic line of the movement, which was initially coordinated by men only. The myth of Orpheus and Eurydice may serve as a good commentary for the problem of feminism in Negritude. Thus, Orpheus was a the figure of the poet and the singer that enthralled everyone with his song, to the point that his listeners became almost spellbound when they heard him. When his lover Eurydice dies he goes after her in the Inferno and manages to convince the guards to set her free with his lyre. However, he loses her again because he looks back to see if she followed him out of the underworld. The myth can be compared with the way in which women are represented by men in the Negritude discourse, as dependant on the man’s song or writing, as bound down by the spell of the male speech. As Orpheus fails to save Eurydice so man failed to represent the black woman in his Negritude discourse. Reference List: Cesaire, A. 1990. Lyric and dramatic poetry 1946-82. Charlottesville: University of Vancouver Press. Cesaire, A. 2001. Notebook of a return to the native land. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press Coetzee, J. P. 2001. The African philosophy reader. New York: Routledge. Kalikoff, Hedy. 1995 â€Å"Gender, Genre and Geography in Aime Cesaires Cahier dun retour au pays natal, in Callaloo, Vol. 18, No. 2. pp. 492-505. Mori, A.. 2003. â€Å"Negritude Women. † African American Review. Vol. 37 Senghor, L, S. 1976. Prose and poetry. London: Heinemann Educational. Sharpley- Whiting. 2002. Negritude women. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Segmentation Targeting and Positioning Analysis Theory

Segmentation Targeting and Positioning Analysis Theory Kotler (1994, p. 93) has pointed out that the strategic marketing planning process flows from a mission mission and vision statement to the selection of target markets, and the formulation of specific marketing mix and positioning objective for each product or service the organization will offer. Proceeds to segment the market, select the appropriate market target, and develop the offers value positioning. The formula segmentation, targeting, positioning (STP) is the essence of strategic marketing Restrepo (2010, p1). Source: Segmentation, Targeting, and Positioning (2010)http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/images/cb/STP.png http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/cb_Segmentation.html Today, India is one of the worlds fastest growing economies. With having a wide geographical area of about 15,200Km and a coast line of 7,500 Km over a billion people .According to Financial times (2004) the GDP growth rate was less than 1% in 1991, however by 2003 the figure grew by 8.5%. Button et al (1999) argues that because of the growth of Indias IT industry, the number of travelers has grown rapidly. Due to which Indias Travel and Tourism generated $38.8 billion in 2004 and it is expected to raise $ 90.4 billion by 2014. According to the centre for Asia pacific Aviation (2005), Indian airlines have ordered a total of 490 aircraft over the last few months. Which in turn it is expected a growth of 164% compared to a world average of only 2.7% Connell Williams (2006, p.358). Connell Williams (2006) states that Indias domestic air travel has grown rapidly due to the growing wealth of Indias population. At the beginning of 2005, there were only four domestic airline services Indian airlines, Air Sahara and Jet airways and Air Deccan which was the low cost carrier. Company background Air Deccan: Air Deccan (2009), Indias first low fare and fastest growing airline was formed in 2003 with the vision to empower every Indian to fly by providing the lowest airfares and connectivity to unconnected towns and cities. Deccan is a business unit of Deccan Aviation, Indias largest private helicopter charter company, which pioneered helicopter tourism in India. In 1997, a group of old army buddies led by Capt. Gopi decided to pool in their vast experience and knowledge of aviation and geography to launch Indias first Private sector helicopter charter company. Deccan Aviation was started in 1997 with one helicopter, it now has a fleet of 10 helicopters and 2 fixed wing aircraft deployed across eight bases at Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Ranchi, Hyderabad, Surat, Katra and Colombo (Sri Lanka). Deccan Aviation provides helicopter charter services for a range of aviation activities like helicopter tourism, aerial coverage of sports events, heli- skiing and rappelling, aerial reconnaissance and photography, and also undertakes logistic support for off shore oil explorations, geophysical mineral survey, power line survey, emergency medical evacuation, V.I.P. movement, film production etc. The result was Deccan, Indias first low cost, no frill airline, which was launched on the strength of a simple dream. A dream inspired by just one statement. I want every Indian to fly at least once in his/ her lifetime. (Captain Gopinath, CEO, 1995) The first flight was launched on 23rd August 2003 from Bangalore to Hubli. Since then forward innovation and cost efficiency has been the main reason of our business philosophy and strategy. The business model is robust, scalable and aligned to the dreams of nation building by making air travel a mass commodity. We pride ourselves on our out of the box strategies which have created several firsts in Indian aviation and also made air travel affordable, available and easily accessible to the common man of India. Source: Destinations of Air Deccan (2009) Growth Story: India government is considering the growth of aviation sector especially of the private sector in aircraft manufacturing, operating and upgrading airports and by providing enhanced ground services. According to ICFDC (2004) The Indian aviation sector has four types of operators domestic airlines, operating within India and select International destinations, International airlines, chartered air operators and air cargo service providers, whose services include air transportation of cargo and mail. According to the Director General of civil aviation (2006), when Air Deccan began its operation in August 2003, with a single aircraft from Bangalore to Hubli, Air Deccan has seen a phenomenal growth. Air Deccan now has an Aprx 266 flight which runs on a daily basis. As of March 2006, Air Deccans market share is at 19%, making it the third-largest airline in the country. Currently, the carrier employees apprx 2,600 employees. As of Nov 30 2005, Air Deccan had flown apprx 2.7 million passengers.( Air Deccan,2009) Vision and Mission: According to Air Deccan (2009), Captain Gopinaths vision has helped the lives of Indias masses where they realized through Air Deccan, which is a pioneering low-cost business model. The airline has played a significant role in making the common mans dream to fly which has come true. However, the airline plans to fly a large number of destinations in India by connecting millions of people (Captain Gopinath, CEO, 2004). Basic Idea behind the modeling approach: STRENGTHS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Leader in LCC market à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Highest load efficiency à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Flies to destinations in the hinterland WEAKNESS à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Focuses on South Indian market à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Image plagued by frequent breakdowns and near misses à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Very limited advertising à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Reached at the threshold of cost efficiency OPPORTUNITIES à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Extensive network to capitalize Air Cargo business à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Plenty of scope for expansion of operations à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Strengthen its position in Chartered flight segment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ could start Contractual Employment THREAT à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ High attrition rate à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ the threat of new entrants into Low Price Segment especially Indigo, Go Air, Spice jet and Jetlite. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ High risk perception. As mentioned in Air Deccan (2009) Air Deccan has plenty of scope for expansion of operations; also it has been in operation since last 5 years, so kingfisher with the merger could get the opportunity to fly internationally and Air Deccan with facing constant threats from the ever emerging low cost carriers, higher attrition rate and requirement for capital had no other better option than to accept the offer of getting merged with Kingfisher. Marketing Strategies: Segmentation: High aircraft utilization was the first of Air Deccans strategies as it would directly result in high revenue generation. The success of the Air Deccan is by its well planned operational routes. The Air Deccan operates from six bases, which are located in the metropolitan cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore and Hyderabad. Further these bases are connected to other regional locations through regional routes. The main strategy of Air Deccan is to pursue unexplored routes which would result -high yield and high load factor (Sampler, 2006). Positioning: The main success behind Air Deccan is because of its unique pricing model. In the pricing model seats which were booked well in advance had lower fares, whereas the seats booked closer to the travel date had higher fare. However, this helped the airline to maximize its revenues from ticket sales as well as maintain high seat occupancy. By commenting on additional revenues, Captain Gopinath (CEO, 2005) states that With an average passenger spending INR 75 for a quick meal or beverage, Air Deccan could have easily generated additional revenue worth INR 202.5 million from 2.7 passengers that had flown on the airline till November 2005. Targeting: Air Deccan (2009) has achieved tremendous growth due to their marketing and promotion strategies. The airline utilized its marketing and promotional programs effectively to highlight the competitive advantage with the result of its low fares. The target segment which is for the customers who are cost-conscious, Air Deccan choose cartoonist R K Laxmans famous mascot The common man as its brand ambassador. The airline advertisement is generally through media like print, radio, and bill boards. The airline has entered into various sales which have provided Deccan with additional advertising slots on television, newspapers and radio. Word Count: 1,335. Referencing: Anonymous. (2010). Segmentation, Targeting, and positioning .Available: http://www.consumerpsychologist.com/cb_Segmentation.html. Last accessed 11/12/2010. Annonymous. (2009). Deccan simply fly. Available: http://www.deccanair.com/aboutus.html. Last accessed 12/12/2010. Annonymous. (2010). Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation. Available: http://www.centreforaviation.com/. Last accessed 12/12/2010. Button, K.J., Lall, S., Stough, R., Trice, M., 1999. High-technology employment and hub airports. Journal of Air Transport Management 5, 53-59 Financial Times, 2004. From Indias forgotten  ¬Ã‚ elds, a call for economic reform to lift the poor. Kingfisher-Deccan Merger. 12 Dec. 2010 http://www.antiessays.com/free-essays/47835.html Kotler, P. (1994), Marketing Management: Analysis, planning, implementation, and Control, 8th edition, Prentice Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliff, New Jersey. OConnell.F.J, Williams.G.. (2006). Transformation of Indias Domestic Airlines: A case study of Indian Airlines, Jet Airways, Air Sahara and Air Deccan. Journal of Air Transport Management. 12 (1), 358-374. Restrepo.A.J.. (2010). SEGMENTATION TARGETING POSITIONING.Available: http://pdfcast.org/pdf/segmentation-targeting-positioning. Last accessed 11/12/2010. Sampler.L.J. (2006). Air Deccan. Available: http://web.mit.edu/cisr/working%20papers/cisrwp365.pdf. Last accessed 11/12/2010. Marketing ethics and social responsibility an opportunity for competitive advantage or a constraint on marketing decisions? Discuss citing appropriate examples. Introduction: Carrigan Attalla (2001, p.560) states that Marketing ethics and social responsibility are inherently controversial, and years of research continue to present conflicts and challenges for marketers on the value of a socially responsible approach to marketing activities. According to Laczniak Murphy (1993) since few years there are certain controversy revolving around marketing ethics and social responsibility, researchers and scholars are continuing to work on it. Smith Quelch (1996) states that most of the company would like to think that being a good company will attract customers with their products, while it has seen that by the unethical behavior customer would reject their offer/products. The basic idea behind focusing marketing is by its products and services with the environment, where customers play a very important part by representing (Vaaland et al, 2007).As mentioned by Vaaland et al (2007, p.929): Marketing is the process of planning and executing conception, pricing, promotion and distribution of goods, ideas and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. According to Singhapakdi et al (1995), Social responsibility is been given so much importance because, E.g., some public companies undergo social responsibility which might limit profits and disagreement of the social responsibility. However, he also argues that, the international researchers have not identified in detail to which marketers across the countries assume that ethics and social responsibility are important for their organization for their growth. And also argues that, first managers should be aware of the ethics and social responsibility to have the organization grow before their behavior become more ethical and reflects greater social responsibility. Social responsibility in marketing: As Laczniak Murphy (1993, p.5) states that, both ethics and social responsibility have to make a positive impact towards the success of an organization, due to which customers make ethical judgments that are likely to influence their purchases. As he has told that: Customers over time will normally recognize the organizations that attempt to be responsive to various ethical and social factors in the marketplace. The ethics era: Hunt and Vitell ( 2006, p.3) pointed out that An individual perceives a situation as having ethical content, the next step is the perception of various possible alternatives or actions that might be taken to resolve the ethical problem. http://www.emeraldinsight.com/content_images/fig/2160040303002.png As Hoddow (2001) states that even though, the researchers are working on this field ETHICS since 30-40 years its still not possible to have achieved the answer of what exactly is the social responsibility of marketing. According to BBC (2001) there have been lot arguments which have been made by governments and organizations with regarding to the ethical issues. E.g., Companies like Oxfam and Medecin sans Frontieres on allowing cheaper access for consumers of drugs like AZT. Globally, there are many organizations and institutes which are established to do research and promote ethical business behaviour like for E.g., European Business Ethics network, Hong Kong Ethics Development Centre. There has been given a lot of importance to the field of marketing as it has grown rapidly and developing a strong ethical profile, academically and professionally, marketers are finding it difficult to ignore the gap of ethics of what the society is expecting and what marketing professionals are delivering (Carrigan Attalla, 2001). Ethical Consumer Behaviour: According to Hunt and Vitell (1992) it has been seen that a lot of attention is given to marketing ethics in the current years, irrespective of that it is been unsuccessful to see the buyer side of the exchange process. However, it is a fact that the customers are more informed, more educated and are aware of their consumer rights and product requirements in most of the western society. However, a study conducted by Boulstridge and Carrigan (2000) examined customers response to ethical or unethical behaviour, where they found out that the most customers did not have more information weather a company did or did not behaved ethically. E.g., Nestle and Exxon. Even though many people believed that social responsibility is not important while considering in their purchasing behaviour, even with knowledge about unethical activity, some customers still bought goods from the company. The main reason why consumers bought these products is because of price, value, and quality and brand familiarity rather than societal ones. Ulrich and Sarasin (1995) say that, one thing is clear, dont do any research. Dont ask the public any questions on this subject. The answers are never reliable. In instances where the head says one thing and the heart another. Studies are useless if not misleading (Carrigan and Attala, 2001, p.566). Performance framework: Friedman (1962, p.133) argues that few trends could so thoroughly undermine the very foundations of our free society as the acceptance by corporate officials of a social responsibility other than to make as much money for their stockholders as possible. The framework by Carroll (1995) gives us the idea and the present condition of what corporate social responsibility theory and their role within the corporate social performance framework. http://labspace.open.ac.uk/file.php/4778/!via/oucontent/course/132/pyramid.gif Figure 2: Source: Carroll (1995, p.49). The pyramid of corporate social responsibility. According to Windsor (2001), Carrolls four dimensional pyramid of responsibility structures the crude notion of various corporate social responsibilities into a construction of pyramid. And the pyramid consists of economic responsibilities which are the foundation and philanthropy is the apex. The construction of the pyramid is such that the other responsibilities will not be achieved in the absence of economic performance. Economic and legal responsibilities are socially required, ethical responsibilities are socially accepted and philanthropy is socially desired. Socially Responsible firms: When asked to identify the socially responsible firms, many would point out on Marks and Spencer, because as Jobber (2010, p.182) mentioned that MS aims to go carbon neutral, send no waste to landfill, extend sustainable sourcing, help improve the lives of people in its supply chain and help customers and employees live a healthier lifestyle. According to Carrigan Attalla (2001) companies like JCB, Nissan and Co-operative bank followed ethical behaviour to an extent and when one trying to think of being a good citizen one respondent said: There really arent that many .I am sure they are all unethical to some degree. (Anonymous, 2008). Companies like Microsoft, is well known as philanthropy. Bill gates, fights for many of the worlds diseases with his foundation with Melinda Gates. The foundation has given $ 20.1 billion since its first set up (Jobber, 2010).There are few well known companies which they have been registered as a poor social responsibility for many reasons, E.g, LOreal for their animal testing, NatWest due to their financial investment with animal research centres and Shell and BP for their poor environmental pollution and poor employee relations (Carrigan Attalla (2001). As mentioned by Carrigan Attalla (2001, p.569) the attitudes of many consumers would include when you buy petrol, you do not think of those companies that are or not ethical, it does not even cross your mind. I would only fill up elsewhere if it caused no inconvenience to me. However, the behaviour of the ethics needs to be changed or it has to be convincing to the people in order to make them buy or have believe in the products. As we have discussed above about few companies and have seen the reaction of customers buying behaviour as the just buy the products because of their convince and or are for the brand name. All these show us that the customers are passive ethical shoppers other than the active consumer shoppers (Carrigan Attalla (2001). Conclusion: It has been seen from the study whether the customers care about the marketing ethics and social responsibility which would influence them on their buying behaviour. It has also seen that researchers have studied the consumers buying behaviour and they have to say that the many of them give very less attention to ethical considerations when it comes to their buying or decision making behaviour. Carrigan Attalla (2001) states that the link between the social responsibility and marketing ethics and consumer purchase remains unproven but also one should not conclude with the development of ethical marketing policy and social responsibility. Word Count: 1,376.

Physics of Toilets :: physics toilet toilets

Throughout the ages we have seen timeless inventions to numerous to name. We have seen everythingfrom the inventio of the radio to the engine to the atomic bomb. But there is one invention that goes onunappreciated, even looked down upon. The toilet. The toilet is an amazingly simple invention which,without it, the world would be a very different place. Without toilets there would be waste in our housesas well as in the streets that would have to be manually taken care of. Without the flush toilet there is nopossible way that the world could survive as populated as it is. It is an invention that has become, in ourtime, a necessity. The Birth of the Flush Toilet The first successful attempt at a true water flush toilet as see them today came as early as 1862. Known as a "washout", it consisted of a bowl with a hole in the bottom on the front or back. Below this was a p-trap filled with water in order to prevent gas escape. Such wonderful devices became very popular over to the outhouses and earth closets (portable outhouses). They were much liked, though known to often flush incompletely. An improvewment was made on the "washout" when the bowl was combined as one with the p-trap. This was known as a "washdown". Though it was an improvement, neither the washout nor the washdown were known for aconsistent complete flush. Nearing the end of the centruy, sanitaryware manufacturers discovered that by diverting some of the water from tank pipe into the bowl acting almost like a jet flush. It was also learned that if the shape of the p-trap exit were changed it would act almost as a siphon sucking everything from the bowl. Thus the modern flush toilet was born. Though people often credit Thomas Crapper for the invention of the flush toilet, he was in actuality only the owner of one of the first largest toilet manufacturers. It was in fact a collection of ideas of many people from Leonardo DaVinci to John Harrington to Alexander Cumming and on through history. The Basic Concept Behind the Flushing Toilet Flushing a toilet is the perfect example of basic physics. A toilet is little more than a storage tank of potential energy. The tank on the back of every toilet, as most people know, is filled with water. When the flushing lever is pressed all of the stored water in the tank is suddenly released through a hole in the bottom of the tank.

Tupac Shakur: a Hip Hop Inspiration

Tupac Shakur: A Hip-Hop Inspiration Music is a cultural journal that expresses the realities and emotions of life in a poetic way. For the African American culture, music has always been a statement for many controversial topics such as racism, religion, politics, education, crime, and violence. In the 1990’s, Hip-Hop became the newest cultural and artistic voice for the African American population. Genres such as jazz, blues, rock-n-roll, and gospel that once dominated the musical culture of African Americans slipped into the background, and Hip-Hop rose to power and defined a generation.The inspirational and influential Tupac Shakur stormed onto the rap scene in 1991 with an emotional style that changed the rap game forever. Tupac’s social consciousness morphed him into an activist and enabled him to influence American culture along with redefining the hip-hop genre. Tupac Shakur was born in New York City during the year 1971. His mother, Afeni Shakur, a member of the Black Panther Party. was in jail for bombing charges during her pregnancy. The origin of the name Tupac Amaru is Incan and translates to â€Å"shining serpent,† while Shakur is Arabic and means â€Å"thankful to God. In 1986, Shakur's family moved to Baltimore, Maryland, where Tupac enrolled in the Baltimore School for the Arts. At the age of 15, Tupac wrote his first rap song under the name of M. C. New York. The rapper’s life took a turn for the worse in 1988 when his family moved to a small city outside of Oakland, California. Shortly after moving to the projects, Tupac moved in with a neighbor and started to sell drugs. Later that year, Tupac's stepfather Mutulu Shakur was indicted and sentenced to 60 years in prison for his part in an armored car robbery that took place in 1981.Despite all of the trouble surrounding him and his family, Tupac joined the Grammy-nominated rap group ‘Digital Underground’ as a dancer and rapper. After touring with the ac claimed group in 1990, Tupac released his first solo album in '91. He received immediate recognition for his debut album, 2pacalypse Now, which graced the world with the successful singles â€Å"Trapped† and â€Å"Brenda's Got A Baby. † With the individual success that Tupac had received with his musical talent, he wanted to prove to the world that he was more than just a rapper. In 1992, Tupac appeared in the Earnest Dickerson film â€Å"Juice. Within the next two years, Tupac starred in two additional movies: the John Singleton movie, â€Å"Poetic Justice†(Janet Jackson co-starred), and â€Å"Above The Rim. † Unfortunately, legal issues slowed the success of the influential rapper as a result of his 1994 arrest on sexual assault charges in New York. Subsequently, during the same month and in the same city, Tupac was shot in an apparent robbery attempt outside of his recording studio. Shortly after his quick recovery, Tupac was then acquitted of sodomy and weapons charges after he was convicted of sexually abusing a woman he had invited to his hotel room.Despite the absurd amount of legal problems, Shakur was back in the studio in early '95 and released the incredible album Me Against The World. The amount of devotion and emotion put into songs such as â€Å"Dear Mama† helped this record surpass 2 million copies sold. In February of the same year, Tupac was sentenced to 4 1/2 years in prison for sex abuse. After serving only eight months, Shakur was released on bail while he appealed the sentence. Still thriving on the success of Me Against The World, Tupac released his fourth solo album, All Eyez On Me, which topped the ‘Billboard Album Chart’ shortly after it debuted.Songs such as â€Å"Life Goes On† and â€Å"I Ain’t Mad At Cha† once again demonstrate Tupac’s ability to put every fiber of his being into each one of his songs. The game-changing album went on to sell five million co pies. On September 7, 1996, Tupac Amaru Shakur was knocked off the top of the world when he was shot in an apparent drive-by in Las Vegas. Five days later, Tupac was pronounced dead. The controversy surrounding the death of the greatest hip-hop artist of all time remains, to this day, a mystery.The death of Tupac Shakur may still be a mystery, however his influence on hip-hop music is undeniable. Tupac had a talent for exposing social and economical issues that forced society to face the reality that our nation was still far from perfect. He used his success and lyrics as a medium to speak to the world about important economical, political and social injustices. He quickly became a leader among the African American population, transforming into a voice for his nationality and a source of hope when there was nothing left for his people to believe in.Tupac was an inspiration to those suffering from poverty or feeling hopeless about the future; his accomplishments proved that even a ki d from the ghetto could rise above the hate and despair, achieve any goal, and make a difference in the world. The death of Tupac Shakur and his influence on hip-hop music is an invaluable part of not just African-American history, but world history. He may have been a criminal that had ‘thug life' tatooed on his body, but Tupac was a courageous person who not only stood up for what he believed in, but carved his views into the hip-hop genre for generations to come.Shakur’s life, legacy, and music career focused on activism so much that I see him as the Martin Luther King of hip-hop. As an avid reader, Shakur absorbed a wealth of knowledge and was eager to share it. Today, you hear a lot of rap and hip-hop music that has no real value. Sadly, most rap lyrics now are focused on material things, money and sex. The emotion in and deeper meaning of rap is dead. Though there are a few exceptions (Eminem), hip-hop for the most part has been swallowed by the genre the media is responsible for: pop.Music nowadays entails repetitive chorus’s and seems to be just noise. Great music is now a commodity that is hard to come by, especially in hip-hop, which is why I am so thankful for Tupac’s music even though his career was cut short. In a very short time, Tupac managed to address profound social issues while preaching through his lyrics. Not only did Shakur influence the genre of hip-hop and the culture of many Americans, he became a worldwide symbol of change. Tupac Shakur is a martyr, who believed he could make a difference through music, and boy did he ever.I end this paper on the greatest hip-hop artist of all time with lyrics from the song â€Å"Changes: Come on, Come on, That’s just the way it is, Things will never be the same, That’s just the way it is, Aww Yeah. † Work Citied Hamilton, K. (2004). Making some noise: The academy’s hip-hop generation. Black Issues in Higher Education, 21 (5), 34-37. Krims, A. (20 00). New perspectives in music history and criticism: rap music and the poetics of identity. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Smith, D. (1999). Tupac Shakur. In A. Light (Ed. ), The vibe history of hip-hop (p. 297-305). New York: Three Rivers Press.

Psychology and Emotions Essay

Famous Film Critic Roger Ebert has said â€Å"Your intellect may be confused, but your emotions will never lie to you.†. Honorable members of the jury, respected teachers and my dear friends †¦A very pleasant good morning to one and all! Today I stand before you to speak for the motion on the topic â€Å"MAN IS A BUNDLE OF EMOTIONS†. Emotion is one of the most controversial topics in psychology. Love and hatred, joy and sorrow, sympathy and jealousy, disappointments and fulfillments always tear and toss him. His entire life moves around these emotions. He can ruminate on the past and can plunge into the future. Man is never satisfied with what he has. The more he has the more he wants. In simple words He is full of ambitions. It can be proudly proclaimed that we human beings are nothing but a bundle of emotions. Emotions represent us, shape us, make us and even have the capacity to break us. Emotions serve as a sophisticated system of internal guidance that can help us survive, develop and successfully compete. Emotions help us in making decisions as our feelings help us to make choices , help us in predicting and understanding behavioral responses in self and in others , facilitate in opening channels of communication, and enhance our capacity for relating to and connecting with each other . If emotions are so important then isn’t it natural that we should be the in the driver’s seat controlling and managing emotions, rather than letting them hijack our intellect, values and thinking. We should rule over our emotions rather than allowing our emotions to rule over us. I find it rather hilarious that importance of emotion is often neglected on the false pretext that man is a rational being. As the tumult of emotions unfolds within our bodies, intelligence is often forced to take a back seat. In the light of potency and power that emotions have over us is shaping our very own existence, it seems natural to infer that all of us must learn the art of managing our emotions. In the words of Rainer Maria â€Å" All those emotions are pure which gather you and lift you up; whereas those emotions are impure which seizes only one side of your being and so distorts you. If you hold back on the emotions–if you don’t allow yourself to go all the way through them–you can never get to being detached, you’re too busy being afraid. You’re afraid of the pain, you’re afraid of the grief. You’re afraid of the vulnerability that loving entails. But by throwing yourself into these emotions, by allowing yourself to dive in, all the way, over your heard even, you experience them fully and completely. An old proverb says that â€Å"You are what your thoughts are†. In this sense man is a bundle of thoughts, emotions and experiences. Every day we embark on a journey towards the University of World where we come across different people, different experiences and new learning’s. Every person acts as a teacher, only if we are ready to learn. In conclusion I quote Frank Luntz â€Å"Eighty percent of our life is emotion, and only 20 percent is intellect. I am much more interested in how you feel than how you think. I can change how you think, but how you feel is something deeper and stronger, which I won’t be able to interpret†.

Quantitative Techniques

Classification of Quantitative Techniques: There are different types of quantitative techniques. We can classify them into three categories. They are: 1. Mathematical Quantitative Techniques 2. Statistical Quantitative Techniques 3. Pprogramming Quantitative Techniques Mathematical Quantitative Techcniques: A technique in which quantitative data are used along with the principles of mathematics is known as mathematical quantitative techniques. Mathematical quantitative techniques involve: 1. Permutations and Combinations: Permutation mearns arrangement of objects in a definite order.The number of arrangements depends upon the total number of objects and the number of objects taken at a time for arrangement. The number of permutations or arrangements is calculated by using the following formula:=  Ã‚  Ã‚   n! n r ! Combination mearns selection or grouping objects without considering their order. The number of combinations is calculated by using the following formula:=  Ã‚  Ã‚   n! n r ! 2. Set Theory:Set theory is a modern mathematical device which solves various types of critical problems. Quantitative  Techniques  for  Business     Ã‚  5 School  of  Distance  Education 3. Matrix Algebra:

State of Israel and the future threats. I argue that the biggest Essay

State of Israel and the future threats. I argue that the biggest threat could be marks of the Israeli state in the future will be an internal threat more than any external enemy - Essay Example Finally conclusions were arrived at based on the findings of the work. This work is based on secondary sources for retrieving relevant information pertaining to the topic. In this regard, reliable sources such as academic books, authentic websites, journals, and government documents were scrutinised. This work proves that Israel has been threatened to a major extent by the internal problems discussed, rather than any external threats. This region comprised of Israel was under British rule from 1917 to 1948, and during this period the Arab religious groups underwent several crucial socio – economic changes. Such change was not uniform across the various religious groups and displayed considerable diversity. The Christian Arabs experienced this change, much more swiftly than the Druze and the Muslims. The fertility rate declined among these groups, with the exception of the Muslim Arabs. 1 From the economic perspective, Israel had been envisaging a number of difficulties. This nation had not achieved a transformation into a competitive market system from a socialist state, as at the end of the 20th century. The military was obliged to address new dangers from inimical Islamic nations, such as Iraq and Iran, which boasted of long range missiles in their arsenal. Furthermore, the military had to address the challenge of becoming a more technical and less manpower intensive force. 2 However, significant change was in the offing for Israel, during the commencement of the 21st century. Internally, the denizens of this nation had been struggling with traditional and contemporary issues. Some of these issues were those of religion and state and their relationship to Jewish identity. Another issue pertained to the endeavours to mitigate religious influence upon personal matters, such as marriage and divorce. 3 The Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel was made at Tel Aviv, on 14

Strategic Managemet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Managemet - Essay Example Information obtained from its official website shows that the company is guided by its cornerstone value which is to â€Å"build a company with a soul.† The operations of the company are shaped by its mission statement which is: â€Å"To inspire and nurture the human spirit—one person, one cup, and one neighbourhood at a time.† Broadly speaking, Starbucks strives to be â€Å"a purveyor of fine coffees in the world while maintaining uncompromising principles.† The company seeks to differentiate itself from other competitors in the coffee industry through provision of finest coffees to the customers. In actual fact, it can be observed that the success of the company can be attributed to its differentiation strategy. This report mainly focuses on the US segment since this company is very popular in this country. It operates its own stores as well as licensed stores. The FY11 Annual report states that the US segment of the company contributed about 69 % of the total revenue raised and this is the reason why this paper focuses on analysing the strategic fit of this particular company in the US. Regulations such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) however have a bearing on the operations of this company. In order to analyse the macro environment of Starbucks, PESTEL analysis will be utilized while Porter’s five forces model will specifically focus on analysing the microenvironment of the organization. There are various external factors that shape the operations of Starbucks and PESTEL stands for political, economic, social, technological, environmental as well as legal factors that impact the operations of the organization and these characterize its external environment in which it has little control of (Armstrong & Kotler, 2004). Appendix 1 at the end of the report summarises the external environmental factors that affect the operations of

Case study - legislation and security in zoos Essay

Case study - legislation and security in zoos - Essay Example 2) notes that it is possible that the UK has the highest level of Animal Welfare Legislation in the world. The western lowland gorillas are a subspecies of Gorilla that resides in lowland swamps, primary and secondary forests in central Africa. At the moment, the western lowland gorillas face extinction due to a number of factors. Some of the factors include poaching, deforestation, and disease outbreak especially Ebola. The Western Lowland Gorilla was classified as a critically endangered species on 2007 based on a reduction of population of over 80% over three generations (Genton 2013, pp. 2). Several legislations have been put in place to conserve wild animal all over the world, especially those designated as critically endangered. In the UK various laws have been put in place to protect critically endangered animals put in zoos. These legislations include: Cruelty to animals act, 1876 Protection of animals act, 1911 Dangerous wild animals act, 1976 Endangered species (import and export) act, 1976 Animals health act, 1981 Zoo licensing act, 1981 European Council Zoos Directive 1999/22/EC In 1896, the UK parliament passed the Cruelty to Animals act that defined limits on animal experimentation and established a licensing system for this experimentation. It instituted that researchers faced prosecution for cruelty if they did not conform to its provisions that required painful experimentation on animals to be carried out only when the proposed experiments are critically essential to save or prolong human life (Cruelty to Animals Act 1876, c.77). The Protection of Animals Act is legislation passed by the UK parliament and received the Royal Assent in 1911. It is basically a consolidation of various legislations, repelling other legislations such as the Wild Animals in Captivity Protection Act 1900 and the Cruelty to Animals Act 1849. This legislation however has largely been repealed by the Animal welfare Act 2006. The Dangerous Wild Animals Act 1976 was enacte d to ensure that dangerous wild animals kept by private individuals (as was the fad in the late 1960s and early 1970s), were kept in circumstances that did not endanger the public while also safeguarding the welfare of the animals (Dangerous Wild Animals Act 1976, c. 38). The Endangered Species (import and export) Act 1976 is a legislation of the UK parliament that seeks to restrict the importation, exportation and sale of certain animals and plants deemed endangered as well as their derivatives such as elephant tusks (Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act 1976, c. 72). The Animal Health Act 1981 is a legislation enacted to prevent and deal with various diseases affecting animals under human care. It established inspection regulations by approved government official and also set up a means with which the government can aid in preventing and curing animal diseases (Animals Health Act 1981, c. 22). The Zoo Licensing Act was established by the parliament to regulate zoos through r egistration with local authorities. The act requires all zoos to be inspected and licensed thus ensuring that animals confined in enclosures are provided with a suitable environment that ensures that they can express their normal behavior. The act also lays out conditions that zoos must keep to prevent escape leading to captive animal being injured or compromising public safety (Zoo

How Do Groups React to Unexpected Threats Crisis Management in Research Paper

How Do Groups React to Unexpected Threats Crisis Management in Organizational Teams - Research Paper Example Contextually, when assessing the current scenario of the global business world, particularly due to the continuous globalization effects and the consequent alterations taking place in the socio-economic conditions, managing such obstacle have emerged as one of the most significant concerns of contemporary business organizations. A crisis management is thus essentially required to be devised with the intention of minimizing the impacts of unpredictable occurrences which may seriously hamper the performances of an organization either in its short-run or in its long-run performances2. In this regard, various literature studies have been conducted which emphasized on addressing the various dimensions of crisis management. However, in the article titled as ‘How do Groups React to Unexpected Threats? Crisis Management in Organizational Teams’, the authors Jin Nam Choi, Sun Young Sung, and Myung Un Kim proclaimed that comprehensive researches are available in limited numbers wh ich were focused on learning the behavior of organizational teams when responding to crisis situations and crisis management strategies. Correspondingly, in this article, qualitative as well as quantitative methods have been used with the intention to satisfy the literature gap existing in relation to the study of organizational team responses to crisis management3. The paper will intend to discuss the concepts which can be acquired from the article further describing the applicability of such findings in the organizational level crisis management practices. Moreover, references will also be considered from the book named ‘Organization Theory & Design’ written by Richard L. Daft when assessing the article. The Concepts Acquired from the Article The article depicts that organizational teams are commonly observed to behave as dependent on the persisting ‘interdependent relationships’ within the work culture being subjected to their external activities when im plementing crisis management strategies. The findings of this article also reveal that environment of an organization is complex as well as uncertain which results in many crises situations. It has been fundamentally due to these reasons that crises within organizational teams are observed to be rising immensely since the past few years. In this regard, management of an organization is required to effectively forecast the time as well as the procedure through which the crisis event is most likely to occur. In most instances, organizational teams focus on determining the reasons and likewise sort out the type of crises being witnessed or probable to be witnessed in order to initiate better effective crisis management strategies. The article also stated that irrespective of such practices apparent in the organizational teams of the corporate sector, only insignificant number of studies were conducted in order to sort the various types of crises witnessed by contemporary businesses and the strategies which are devised as well as implemented accordingly3. Furthermore, the article also aims at demonstrating the importance of organizational teams’ performances at times of uncertain situations. In this respect, organizational teams performing in groups are observed to

Discovery Of The World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 109

Discovery Of The World - Essay Example Initial education on world tours captures the role of Columbus as a first explorer, which is not accurate because of the existence of data suggesting there were other voyagers before him who explored the world and discovered most of the places he is credited for. The involvement of Columbus in Hispaniola indicates the cruel nature of his approach. The killing of the inhabitants of the area was a genocide event because it led to suffering to the people of Hispaniola. The direct involvement of his men in the death of the locals indicates criminal liability of Columbus. In addition, the action taken by Columbus and his voyages in the area can be charged in the modern world as the violation of human rights. Columbus is a villain and not a hero because he is credited for what he did not achieve. Likewise, he is involved in actions and events that are not related to heroism. The involvement in battles in order to claim the lands and wealth of others is an indication of the challenge of res pect for humans.  

Different Parenting Practices Essay Example for Free

Different Parenting Practices Essay The right parenting style will create healthy, loving children. Parenting involves teaching children how to respect their elders, be obedient, have discipline, as well as provides support and love for your child. There are four identified types of different parenting styles. Which are authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved. The type of style that you choose will determine whether your child will be healthy, as well as, whether a loving relationship develops between you and your child. In this paper, I will discuss the types of parenting styles and the best one to foster healthy children. An authoritarian parent lays down the rules and expects them to be followed without any discussion. These parents are very strict. They don’t allow the child to make choices and they consider what they desire without much consideration of the child’s wishes. Their rules are ridged and inflexible. Children raised by this type of parenting style may become very sheltered with unable to voice their opinions. They may have difficulty with emotional expression, unable to make good decisions which could lead to unhealthy relationships. For example, a child raised by an authoritarian parent, comes home from school and knows that they have to put their backpack in a certain place and what chores must be done. The rules are in place, as well as the expectations for his performance. These children know that there will be consequences if they do not follow these rules. An authoritative parent explains the rules and encourages discussion. This type of parenting style combines the b est qualities of the authoritarian and permissive parenting style. These parents spend time with his/her child and explain why certain behavior is wrong and the appropriate behavior prior to administering any type of punishment. They are more reasonable and less demanding of their own way and they consider the wishes of their children. They are patient and trust their children. They promote decision making in the child and oversee their decisions. Children who experience this type of parenting style are typically well balanced, have values and a sense of right and wrong. For example, if a child was to break curfew, the authoritative parent would discuss the potential harms of staying out and then discipline the child. They would most likely involve the child in the type of punishment they would receive. The permissive parent punishes infrequently. These parents are a direct contrast to the authoritarian parent. These parents have very few rules and are extremely flexible. Rules for these parents are not a primary focus. They tend to be more of a friend to their child than a parent. These parents often foster children who do what they want, when they want without thinking about the consequences. They have excessive freedom with very little limitations. These parents focus on pleasing their child regardless of their behaviors. These children are in control of the parents and the household. For example, a child of a permissive parent is not required to place their items in a certain place and rarely receive any consequences for not performing chores or making messes. An uninvolved parent only provides for the basis physical and emotional need and nothing else. Uninvolved describes these parents. They are not involved with their children and they do not discipline them. These parents often neglect their children. Children with these types of parents typically have poor social skills and behavioral choices. There appears to be a correlation between the lack of support they receive at home and their poor social and behavioral skills. For example, a child will seek their parent’s attention and may create problems at home and in school to get that attention. Despite the problems, their parents still ignore them and are not emotionally available. I believe that the authoritative parents have the most effective parenting style. Primarily because it allows time for discussion between the parents and their children. In my opinion, all children need discipline. However they benefit most from explanations of what they did wrong and redirection to assist them to make better choices. Authoritative parents listen to their children and encourage independence. It appears that this type of parenting style leads to successful children. In my opinion, one of the most important aspects of parenting would be the art of compromise which leads to healthy lives for children.