It’s Time to Include Gays and Lesbians in Our Study of Literature Essay

The growth of snappy people as a group has been astonishing. It is not possible to guess how scarce we will grow from our experiences in the years ahead, but it is possible to predict that growth will continue, one way or another. A diverse and unanimous global community has been established.(Clark 60) Dr. Don Clark, clinical psychologist and university professor, boldly expresses his views on the changing nature of the gay and lesbian community in his text, Loving Someone Gay. Clark describes how faraway gay people have advanced in the last thirty years, moving from isolated and fearful existences to lives marked by political power and potential. Indeed, the gay community, and lesbians in particular, have transformed into large and respected forces in American culture. As with any societal group, their cultural contributions have continued to expand and cave in along with their newly acquired political finesse, giving the gay community a sense of pride in its artistic and liter ary achievements. Since education is a first source of transferring cultural understanding and awareness, it is essential that educational institutions respect the achievements of this newly empowered community in the selection of relevant curriculum. But they must similarly be careful while many texts offer a representative portrayal of the gay community, there are others which reveal a more nail down view. For example, in 1973, author Rita Mae dark-brown published a shocking exploration of one girls growing up lesbian in America. Creating images of rape, incest, and promiscuity, Brown portrayed a cold, angry character willing to blame her sexual identity on a dysfunctional family and an unyielding educational system. While uniquely American in both its authorship and... ...EBSCOhost. Glenbrook North H.S. Lib., Northbrook, IL. 8 Apr. 2002 . Randolf, E. Women and Other Women. Art Journal Sum. 1991 29-34. MasterFILE Elite. EBSCOhost. Glenbrook North H.S. Lib., Northbrook, IL. 8 Apr. 2002 . Roberts, Edgar V., and Henry E. Jacobs. LiteratureAn Introduction to meter reading and Writing. New Jersey Prentice, 2001. Ruoff, A. Lavonne Brown, and Jerry W. Ward, Jr. Redefining American Literary History. New York MLA, 1990. Worth, Chrissie. Rita Mae Brown verifies outspoken attitude during Oxford visit. The Daily Mississipian 23 Apr. 1996. 1 Apr. 2002 . Zacks, Rebecca. LeVay Shares Thoughts on Gay factor Research. Scientific American 7 June 1996. 3 Apr. 2002 .

The Manifestation Of Sin :: essays research papers

The Scarlet Letter is a book of much symbolism. One of the most complex and misunderstand symbols in the book is drib, the daughter of Hester Prynne. Throughout the story Pearl develops into a prominent symbol of the "A". In this essay the example of symbolism Pearl comes to represent will be explained.In the Scarlet Letter, Hester, for her sins, received a scarlet letter, "A" which she had to wear upon her chest for the rest of her life in Boston. This was the Puritan counseling of punishing her for her then criminal action of adultery. She wondered the streets to be given sour looks from all. This eventually caused so much mental and physical anguish that she eventually questioned wherefore she should live if it werent for her Pearl. Pearl was a bundle of life sent from god to remind her of her wrong doing each and every moment and as a walkway sermon to preach against sin for others.Hesters wasted life the ultimate price that Hester paid for Pearl. With Pearl , Hesters life was almost never filled with joy, but instead a constant reminder of the harsh word adultery. Pearl would also make her own "A" to wear, and sometimes she played games wither her mothers trying to hit it with rocks. When Hester would go into the town with Pearl, the other children would make fun of her and Pearl and would yell and throw dirt at them. So in this case, Pearl symbolized the decimation of Hesters life and mental state. Although Hester had so much trouble with Pearl, she still felt that Pearl was her ultimate treasure. Pearl was really the only thing that Hester had in life. Surely if Pearl wasnt in Hesters life, Hester would begin taken her own life. Once and a while, Pearl would bring joy to Hesters life, and that helped her to bare the guilt, lonesomeness, and isolation that became the main theme of her life. Pearl could be compared to weather, sometimes good, sometimes bad, but always changing. It was Pearls pounding storms that gave Hester so much grief. Pearls exuberant personality caused Puritans to believe she was a child of witchcraft and a mischievous little elf. tho basically she represented everything that was the exact opposite of Puritan belief. Pearls taunting and malice disposition sometimes even caused Hester to make outbursts like "Thou art not my child Thou art no Pearl of mine" Some would believe the "A" stood for anti-puritan for her wild soul could never be confined by the rules of the conservative Puritan Society.

Malcolm X vs. Dr. King: Passive vs; Aggressive Essay -- essays researc

Africans were brought to the States by Europeans, not of their own volition, but in chains, without the knowledge that all over the next some(prenominal) hundred years, generations and generations of our people would be brutally and unjustly treated as nothing more than property or animals. The era during which slavery flourished, Africans were bred, overworked, beaten, lynched, and stripped of each positive identity or self respect. When slavery was abolished in 1865, Africans, or former slaves, were left without a place in America. Where did they fit in? What was the use of goods and services that they were to play as, so called, American citizens? Some, undertook the role of leader, and preached and taught what they felt was the best process by which, blacks could achieve equality. From the beginning, however, there were conflicts concerning the nature of how this was to be accomplished. This discrepancy over passive and aggressive attitude concerning the advancement of black s in America has permeated, and at times, divided the black community from the time that Africans were brought here in chains, until the present. Malcolm Xs philosophies, which centered more on blacks accepting themselves, and loving themselves, and creating their own sense of pride, was deemed racist by the media and he was portrayed as militant/violent by the Civil Rights Activists, when in fact Malcolm Xs teachings contain the exact remedy that we victims of America (Malcolm X uses this term to distinguish the fact that blacks were not brought to America out of their own volition) need in order to live the best lives in the conditions that we run through been forced into by whites.Booker T. Washington, born in 1856, was a prominent leader of the black community during the years following the abolishment of slavery, who believed that equality and respect for blacks would be gained over time. Washington preached to his followers that they should work on bettering themselves, not t hrough liberal education, but by learning a trade or vocation which could be of service to either the black or white community, and that in time, whites would allow blacks to assimilate into their society. William Edward Burghardt Dubois, born in 1868 and more commonly known as W. E. B Dubois, was Washingtons adversary. Dubois preached that blacks should demand their rights, both(prenominal) human and civil, and that this w... ...proach of the Civil Rights Movement, led by Dr. King and financed by whites, would lead to the loss of black pride because it would encourage blacks to try to be white in order to fit in the white society. Today, blacks have the same legal rights as whites, but there is still blatant racism in America. Blacks have integrated into the white society, and the loss that Malcolm feared has become a reality. We straighten our hair in order to make it look like theirs, wear their clothes, and learn a school curriculum that centers around their history. There are more black men in prison than in college, and the percentage of black owned businesses is good disproportionate to the black population. The Civil Rights Movement was successful, and the Black Power Movement has been forgotten, but have blacks found their place? SOURCESHaley, Alex The Autobiography of Malcolm X Ballantine Publishing assort 1964Malcolm X Message to the Grass Roots, speech, Nov. 1963, Detroit (Published in Malcolm X Speaks, ch. 1, 1965)Malcolm X speech, Dec 12, 1964, New York, NY Marable, Manning By Any Means Necessary The Life and Legacy of Malcolm X, speech New York, NY

Wallace Stevens Harmonium and the Visual Arts :: Literature Art Papers

Wallace Stevens Harmonium and the Visual ArtsBy the time Wallace Stevens moved to New York city in 1900 he had completed three years as a special student at Harvard, and had published a few poems in the Harvard monthly and the Advocate (a literary journal at Harvard of which he was president). He continued to pursue a literary life in New York, but after an attempt at journalism and at the urging of his father (L59), he enrolled in New York Law School in the fall of 1901. In 1904 he passed the bar and eventually acquired a position in the insurance field after attempting to hang out his own shingle (Stevens, H., 77-8). He married Elsie genus Viola Moll (a woman also from Reading) in 1909 and in 1916 they moved to Hartford. Stevens was by this time working for the Hartford Accident and Indemnity Co., the insurance company he was to stay with for the rest of his flight, becoming vice-president in 1934. Before leaving for Hartford, though, he caught the literary bug again (L 187) and by 1914 Stevens was submitting poetry again for publication and communication with the editor of Poetry, Harriet Monroe (L 192). The thirteen years separating any serious poetic out tack together on the part of Stevens might easily be accounted for by his early career in law and his desire to make a secure place for himself there. Above all a practical man, Stevens may have simply put a sustained effort at poetry aside for a time in order to avoid poverty, as he said he did for eight years after publishing Harmonium in 1923 (L 364). Perhaps he was stewing during this time, having a few life experiences and just generally maturing. Also, his wooing and marriage, which might also have been delayed for economic reasons, had taken place during this interval. Any or all of these variables could have worked to delay his poetic achievement. The turning vizor came, I believe, once Stevens came into close contact with modern artists and their works. Although there is no sustained discussi on of visual art or influences in Stevens letters, I lead argue that the writing of Harmonium is in a sense bracketed by Stevens exposure to Walter Arsenberg and his salon. It is my contention that Stevens wrote Harmonium while steeped in modern art and its hypothetical underpinnings and that the poems contained in his first book of poetry reflect certain modern visual sources.

Wallace Stevens Harmonium and the Visual Arts :: Literature Art Papers

Wallace Stevens Harmonium and the Visual ArtsBy the time Wallace Stevens moved to New York City in 1900 he had completed trine years as a special student at Harvard, and had published a few poems in the Harvard Monthly and the Advocate (a literary journal at Harvard of which he was president). He continued to pursue a literary life in New York, but after an attempt at journalism and at the urging of his father (L59), he enrolled in New York Law School in the fall of 1901. In 1904 he passed the bar and eventually acquired a blot in the insurance field after attempting to hang out his own shingle (Stevens, H., 77-8). He married Elsie Viola Moll (a woman also from Reading) in 1909 and in 1916 they moved to Hartford. Stevens was by this time working for the Hartford Accident and Indemnity Co., the insurance comp whatsoever he was to stay with for the rest of his career, becoming vice-president in 1934. Before leaving for Hartford, though, he caught the literary bug again (L 187) and by 1914 Stevens was submitting verse again for publication and communicating with the editor of Poetry, Harriet Monroe (L 192). The thirteen years separating any serious poetic output on the part of Stevens might easily be accounted for by his early career in law and his desire to stupefy a secure place for himself there. Above all a practical man, Stevens may have simply put a sustained effort at poetry aside for a time in order to avoid poverty, as he said he did for eight years after make Harmonium in 1923 (L 364). Perhaps he was stewing during this time, having a few life experiences and just generally maturing. Also, his courtship and marriage, which might also have been slow for economic reasons, had taken place during this interval. Any or all of these variables could have worked to delay his poetic achievement. The turning point came, I believe, once Stevens came into close relate with modern artists and their works. Although there is no sustained discussion of visual art or influences in Stevens letters, I will argue that the writing of Harmonium is in a sense bracketed by Stevens exposure to Walter Arsenberg and his salon. It is my contention that Stevens wrote Harmonium while steeped in modern art and its theoretical underpinnings and that the poems contained in his first book of poetry reflect certain modern visual sources.

Are the Views of the Roman Catholic Church Out of Touchs?

This essay does not intend to cause offence, pass off across as heretical or blasphemous in any way. Obviously, every single view the roman print Catholic church service holds atomic number 18 not out of soupcon with new twenty-four hours attitudes, but this essay focuses on the views of the church which are currently discussed some frequently. The controversy and criticism surrounding the Catholic church building in this day and get along is of staggering proportions.It would be very difficult to pick up the said(prenominal) newspaper every day for a year and not at least once read a headline like Catholic Bishop Denounces Gay Couples Right to Marriage or Catholic Church Once Again Speaks bulge Against Contraception Use. Its clear that some of the views of the Catholic Church can discriminate, intimidate, and gener totallyy infuriate people. The modern man or woman, in most cultures and societies is free to be jocund, use contraception or become a priest regard little of your gender.However, the Catholic Church still takes an almost medieval barbel to these issues, and by doing so has caused much outrage over the past few decades. Is this an adapt or die situation? Is it the case that the Roman Catholic Church needs to be dragged kicking and screaming into the 21st century? Or are their traditional views still applicable today? Its very motiveless to say that some of the views of the Roman Catholic Church are outrageously out of touch perception with the modern world, what with all the bad press it receives these days.But these views are base on smells that date back thousands of years. You might argue that, to keep up with todays open and ever-changing company, the Catholic Church should allow means for ad honourablements to their views that they hold so firmly. However, some find it quite arrogant that people could be so bold as to suggest such a thing, considering these views are millennia old. Certain theories (and I stress the word th eories) about some issues, such as the idea that homosexuality is acceptable, have been around for merely decades.Why should Catholics change their printing system, which is based on the near-on two thousand year old scriptures and the teachings of their current church, just because widely popular but relatively new theories about matters that they obligate sinful are becoming commonly accepted among many different cultures? It would be like demolishing the Sistine Chapel and rebuilding it but with galvanised steel and glass, just because those materials are popular choices for many large buildings these days. We cannot simply get rid of some beliefs that date back two millennia because of the opposing beliefs of opular demand. Its important in this time when authority is challenged, people with a absolute object lesson compass are hard to come by and human life is not value very highly that we hold on to traditional Christian beliefs. If we did away with tradition and complete ly modernised the Catholic Church wed have the pope going out on Saturday nights, drinking his own body weight in alcoholic beverages, starting violent fights with anyone who accidently bumps into him then find the nearest drunk female person and get her pregnant in a drunken one-night-stand.This may be a slight exaggeration, but you get the point if we start woof away and changing the traditional beliefs then we end up with a church people will find hard to take seriously because of its deficiency of moral principal. If you signed a contract and then without telling you the contractor went against certain terms and condition within the contract I would imagine that youd be jolly annoyed and completely lose any trust you had in that contractor. Some say that the Catholic Church is not out of touch with modern day mores, but simply gummy to tradition in order to remain a strong and consistent church.Whilst tradition is important, for the Catholic Church to grow and to rid itself of its controversial labels, the fact of the matter is it needs to adjust and update itself to fit modern day attitudes. Its views on homosexuality, contraception and female ordination are very much stuck in a previous century, and if it does wish to grow then it will have to find a new get along to such issues. Its clear to most that being gay is acceptable in this day and age. Contraception usage is encouraged in most part of the world.Women becoming priests is allowed by many cultures. However, the Catholic Church denounces all of these things, most of the time openly. In the eyes of the Roman Catholic faith, being gay or using a condom is sinful. Can a Church that classifies these such things as sinful really grow in todays open, free-speaking society? The Catholic Church teaches that homosexual behaviour is a violation of divine and natural law basically, being gay is sinful. 10% of the population of the world is gay or has had a homosexual experience.Linking these two facts together, surely this doesnt mean that the Catholic Church deems 10% of the population sinners, doomed to spend an eternity in the fiery pits of hell? Today, homosexuality is widely accepted by many communities. You wouldve thought that because of this, the Catholic Church would keep relatively quiet about their views on the open(a). But they are not afraid to preach their beliefs through the media. In September last year, it made the headlines that the Scottish government was holding a reference on whether gay marriage should be introduced.Not long after this did the proposal come under fire from the Roman Catholic Church. The Bishop of Paisley Philip Tartaglia (who was tipped to be the following Archbishop of Glasgow) said that a Scottish government that backed gay marriage did not deserve the support of the Catholic community. This came after the most senior Scottish catholic, Cardinal Keith OBrien, said legalising gay marriage would shame Scotland in the eyes of the world. Theres no doubt that this story would not omit in make homosexuals in Scotland feel discriminated.Discrimination on this scale belongs in pre-1970s America and in history books and should not still be making headlines today. The Catholic Church does not have the right to discriminate against homosexuals, and if they feel that it is their faith that teaches them to do so, then their faith is most certainly out of touch with the world as it is and needs to update itself. Christian acceptance of contraception use is relatively new up until the start of the 20th century all churches frowned upon the use of artificial contraception.In modern times, many churches say it is acceptable to use contraception, but the Roman Catholic Church still forbids it. It regards the use of contraception as intrinsically evil for a variety of reasons. The main issue for Catholics is that using contraception is against natural law the purpose of sex is to produce offspring. Catholics have held this belie f about sex and contraception since the beginning of Christianity. These days, birth control is widely accepted and even promoted in the West, and it looks like the Catholic Church might be fighting a losing battle.A study carried out in 2008 suggests that most practising Catholics are ignoring the Churchs teachings on contraception and sex. 1,500 Mass-goers in England and Wales were surveyed by The Tablet magazine. It was found that the contraceptive chit is used by 54. 5% and nearly 69% had used or would consider using condoms. These statistics come 40 years after Pope capital of Minnesota VI forbade birth control use in his encyclical Humanae Vitae (Of Human Life). The survey also found that more than half think that the teaching should be revised.With figures such as this, coupled with the fact that most people in the West consider using a condom or other forms of contraception the normal and right thing to do, it appears that the Catholic Church is out of touch with modern soc iety on the issue of contraception usage. The idea that a female should become a priest would have been utterly preposterous just a few decades ago, but now in many churches, such as the Anglican Church and most branches of the Protestant Church, the ordination of women is completely acceptable.Although not the only Church that does so, the Roman Catholic Church is possibly the most frank of Christian churches to denounce the right for women to be ordained. In fact, in 2007 the Holy See issued a decree stating that the attempted ordination of women would result in machine rifle excommunication for the women and priests trying to ordain them. Once again, here we see an example where the Roman Catholic Church is lagging behind the fast moving modern day. The idea that only a man should be allowed to become a priest is, many believe, sexist.Granted, other Churches, such as the Orthodox Church, take the same view on such matters, but its not a case of everybody does it, so its fine. I f the Catholic Church wants to seem less repellent towards the modern day man or (in this case in particular) woman, it needs to adapt itself. A survey carried out by the Association of Catholic Priests (ACP) showed that 77% of Irish Catholics wanted women priests. With figures such as these, its clear that an update of the views of the Roman Catholic Church is very much in demand.The subject of abortion is one of great debate and controversy. Not everybody agrees with abortion, but if women choses to abort an unborn baby, for whatever reason, then that is her decision and she will have to live with that. The Roman Catholic Church takes a very firm line on the matter of abortion, saying that deliberately causing one is a grave moral wrong. Having an abortion has led to automatic excommunication from the Catholic Church since the sixteenth century.Unless under strict conditions (laid out by the Canon Law, which states ten extreme bunch In the past, the Roman Catholic Church has come under attack for being too strict and too extreme over some issues that, in the 21st century, are in common practice, such as being gay or using a condom during sex. Admittedly, tradition is important and sticking to it shows a firm and consistent church, but is a church which openly deems homosexuality, contraception and female ordination sinful really able to remain strong in a society where such things are widely accepted?To use a final analogy every successful species on undercoat has had the ability to evolve adapt to its surrounding. If an animal does not evolve then in more cases than not, that animal will die. The fact of the matter is the Catholic Church has not evolved since its birth some two thousand years ago. To survive it must adapt, because at the moment the only conclusion I can come to is that some of the views of the Roman Catholic Church are very much out of touch with modern day mores.

Dippin Dots

Founded in 1988, for over 20 years Dippin Dots has commonly been referred to as the icing the puck scramble of the future. As a go forth of soaring operating costs and plummeting sales, Dippin Dots has endured substantial losses in their number of operating franchises. Dippin Dots flourished for many years as a queer segment of the ice cream market, targeting the out of home demographic, mainly focusing operations in busy areas like amusement parks, theatres and stadiums.Now facing increasingly dangerous competition, Dippin Dots moldiness first identify their problems, and then execute the necessary resolutions if they want to regain their footing in the ice cream business. One problem facing Dippin Dots is that the unique product they offer severely limits the target markets that can be reached. Since retail locations can only offer the product at 10 to 20 infra zero, special storage freezers are required, as well as specially manufactured cryogenic transport chambers in order to dispatch the product.These among separate concerns fuddle limited the distribution of Dippin Dots to only serve the away from home segment of the ice cream market. It is therefore advisable for Dippin Dots to construct an ice cream product which can be offered at temperatures that a supermarket could handle in efforts to reach the major(ip)ity in house consumers of the ice cream market. Dippin Dots must besides tackle the problem of pricing.At $5 for 5 ounces, Dippin Dots is unquestionably at the high end of the spectrum as far as ice cream goes they have therefore aimed for areas where people are more willing to spend money, such as amusement parks like six flags and shopping malls. Another major deterrent to Dippin Dots is the threat of new entrants. According to the article it was due to the negligence in part of Dippin Dots founder Curt Jones , their patent was declared worthless, based on the fact that they had sold their ice cream product to over 800 customers before ev er proposing the patent request.This allowed competitors the opportunity to create exact replicas of their once distinctive product. Whats even more eye gouging is these competitors were all disenfranchised former dealers of Dippin Dots, some of whom are now targeting much more of the global market, an area that should have been maximized by Dippin Dots several years ago.In light of their current and ongoing adversity, Dippin Dots should rapidly seek either a merger with an existing ice cream maker or create their own line of take home ice cream in order to decrease some of the losses that will needfully be associated with this new competition. It is also recommended that Dippin Dots hire a new, experienced sales manager who can deal with supermarket chains, packaging companies, and distribution channels globally.After 20 years of operations, the time has come for Dippin Dots to expand their horizons. Everyone knows the name and children love the product so at least theres no prob lem with check awareness. Because of this legacy and reputation the introduction of Dippin Dots to the supermarket will be sure to turn heads and be a hit. If Dippin Dots can make the transition into this new market trance somehow finding a way to keep their prices competitive, their chances of survival will improve considerably.